The Nexus between Agriculture, Water, Energy and Environmental Degradation in Central Asia—Empirical Evidence Using Panel Data Models

The primary aspiration of this paper is to learn about the effects economic growth, energy consumption, agriculture and irrigation water consumption productivity on environmental pollution in five countries Central Asia. data cover period from 1992 2020 by applying panel models, namely Panel FMOLS, DOLS ARDL-PMG approaches. results indicate that there a positive long-term impact productivity, electricity production CO2 emissions while value added trade openness have negative statistically significant influence Country specific short-run coefficients ARDL reveal main driver for rise level under study. Indeed, country analysis generates unique nexus correlation among agriculture, degradation each